After answering the call of nature, purification is carried out by one of the two following methods:
Istinja’:
Cleansing the private parts with water after urination or defecation.
Istijmar:
Cleansing the private parts after urination or defecation with a hard material, such as stones or tissue paper, when there is no water. This process should be repeated three times or more until the area is fully clean.
